International Numbering System (INS) for Food Additives: 100(ii)
Turmeric, the "Golden Spice," is well-known in Ayurvedic medicine. Its active compound, curcumin, is known for its powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It helps boost the immune system, improves digestion, and even enhances skin health.
Turmeric or Curcuma longa is a spice commonly used in South Asian cuisine, but it is also finding its way into many processed foods as a food additive. Here's a breakdown of its key characteristics and applications as a food additive:
Function:
- Coloring Agent: The primary function of turmeric as a food additive is to impart a yellow color to food. Curcumin, a natural pigment in turmeric, is responsible for the yellow hue [1].
- Flavoring Agent: Turmeric can also contribute a warm, peppery, and slightly bitter flavor to food [2]. However, the levels used in processed foods are often much lower than those used in culinary applications, so the flavor is often subtle.
Applications:
Turmeric finds use in a variety of processed foods due to its coloring and flavoring properties:
- Savory Snacks: Used in potato chips, popcorn, extruded snacks, and similar products to achieve a yellow color [3].
- Bakery Products: May be used in breads, crackers, and other baked goods for coloring purposes [4].
- Cereals: Sometimes used in breakfast cereals to enhance color and add a touch of flavor [5].
- Dairy Products: In some cases, turmeric might be used in cheeses or yogurt for coloring or to add a subtle flavor [6].
- Condiments: Can be included in mustards, sauces, and dips for coloring and flavoring [7].
Safety:
- Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS): Regulatory bodies like the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) consider turmeric safe for its intended uses when consumed within set limits [8].
Potential Advantages:
- Natural Source: Turmeric is a natural spice derived from a plant, which may be appealing to consumers who prefer natural ingredients over synthetic additives [9].
- Multifunctional: It can function as both a coloring agent and a flavoring agent, potentially reducing the need for other additives.
Overall:
Turmeric is a versatile food additive derived from a spice. It is generally recognized as safe and can add color and subtle flavor to various processed foods. If you have any concerns about food additives or prefer a completely natural diet, consulting a registered dietitian or healthcare professional can provide more personalized guidance.