Genistein is a naturally occurring compound found in many plants, but particularly soybeans and soy products like tofu, tempeh, and edamame [1]. It belongs to a class of compounds called isoflavones, which have weak estrogen-like properties [2]. This means they can interact with the body's estrogen receptors to some extent.
Genistein has been studied for a variety of potential health benefits, including:
- Cancer prevention: Some studies suggest that genistein may help to protect against certain types of cancer, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer [3, 4, 5]. However, the evidence is mixed, and more research is needed.
- Cardiovascular health: Genistein may help to improve heart health by lowering LDL (bad) cholesterol levels and increasing HDL (good) cholesterol levels [6]. It may also help to protect against blood clots.
- Bone health: Genistein may help to protect against bone loss in postmenopausal women [7].
- Menopausal symptoms: Some studies suggest that genistein may help to relieve menopausal symptoms, such as hot flashes and night sweats [8]. However, the evidence is weak, and more research is needed.
It is important to note that most of the research on genistein has been done in laboratory studies or small clinical trials. More research is needed to confirm the potential health benefits of genistein and to determine the optimal dosage.
Genistein is generally safe for most people when consumed in amounts found in food. However, high doses of genistein may cause side effects, such as headaches, breast tenderness, and vaginal bleeding. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should avoid taking genistein supplements. People with certain medical conditions, such as hormone-sensitive cancers, should talk to their doctor before consuming genistein.
If you are considering taking a genistein supplement, it is important to talk to your doctor first to discuss the potential risks and benefits.