Tenesmus

Tenesmus is a medical term used to describe a feeling of persistent and often painful straining during bowel movements. It is a symptom of a number of different medical conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, as well as anal fissures, rectal tumors, hemorrhoids, constipation, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Tenesmus can also be caused by a number of other medical issues, such as infection, obstruction, radiation therapy, and hormonal imbalances. The exact cause of tenesmus is not known, but it is believed to be related to inflammation and irritation of the rectum and anal canal. The straining is usually caused by the inability of the rectum to completely empty its contents, leading to an intense urge to pass stool. In some cases, the rectal muscles may be contracting too frequently or too forcefully, leading to the same sensation. Tenesmus can be uncomfortable and distressing, and it can have a negative impact on quality of life. Treatment usually involves a combination of lifestyle modifications, such as increasing fiber and fluid intake, and medications to reduce inflammation and muscle spasms. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to correct the underlying cause of the condition.