Melanoma

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that is caused by an uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, which are the cells that produce melanin. Melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer and can spread to other organs, such as the lungs and liver if left untreated. Risk factors for developing melanoma include being fair skinned, having a history of sunburns or excessive sun exposure, a family history of melanoma, or having a preexisting mole. Melanoma is diagnosed through a process called biopsy, which involves taking a sample of the suspicious area and examining it under a microscope. Treatment for melanoma depends on the type, stage, and location of the cancer, but may include surgery, radiation, immunotherapy, or chemotherapy. Early diagnosis and treatment are important in order to increase the chances of survival.