Malaria

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the protozoan parasite, Plasmodium, which is transmitted by mosquito bites. The disease is characterized by fever, chills, body aches, headaches, and nausea. In severe cases, the disease can lead to anemia, seizures, coma, and even death. Without treatment, malaria is fatal in most cases. Malaria is a major global health problem, with an estimated 219 million cases in 2017. It is especially problematic in tropical and subtropical countries, where the disease is endemic and mosquitoes can breed year-round. In these areas, most malaria cases are caused by the Plasmodium falciparum strain, which is the most severe and dangerous form of the disease. Malaria is treated with antimalarial drugs, which can be taken orally or injected. In addition, vector control measures such as insecticide spraying and the use of insecticide-treated bed nets are used to reduce the risk of mosquito bites. Vaccines are being developed to protect against malaria, however, none are currently available.