Jaundice

Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes caused by an accumulation of bilirubin in the blood. It is caused by an increase in the amount of bilirubin in the blood, which is a breakdown product of red blood cells. Bilirubin is normally broken down by the liver and removed from the body in the bile. When the liver is damaged or not working properly, the bilirubin builds up in the body and causes jaundice. The symptoms of jaundice vary depending on the underlying cause. Common symptoms include yellowing of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes, dark urine, fatigue, nausea, and abdominal pain. In more severe cases, jaundice can cause confusion, severe itching, fever, and abdominal swelling. Treatment of jaundice depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, medications may be used to reduce the amount of bilirubin in the blood. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the blockage in the bile duct or to repair any damage to the liver. In some cases, liver transplants may be required.