Ischemia

Ischemia is a medical condition in which there is an insufficient supply of oxygen-rich blood and nutrients to an organ or tissue. This is most commonly caused by a narrowing or blockage of the arteries, called arterial ischemia, or when a decrease in blood flow occurs, called hypoperfusion. This can cause damage to the cells and tissues of the affected area, leading to a variety of symptoms and long-term consequences. The most common symptoms of ischemia include pain, numbness, and tingling in the affected area. In more severe cases, the lack of oxygen can lead to tissue death, which can cause further complications such as gangrene, infections, or even organ failure. Ischemia is often treated with lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking and managing stress. Medications such as aspirin, statins, and anticoagulants may also be prescribed to reduce the risk of clotting and to improve blood flow. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to open blocked arteries or to restore blood flow to the affected area.