Hemicrania

Hemicrania is a rare, chronic and disabling neurological disorder characterized by intense and recurrent unilateral headaches. It is usually accompanied by autonomic symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial flushing, tearing and redness of the eye on the affected side. This disorder is considered to be primary meaning that its cause is unknown. It is believed to be due to a dysfunction in the neurotransmitter pathways in the brain. The primary symptom of Hemicrania is intense and recurrent unilateral headaches. These headaches may be either throbbing or pressing in nature and may last from a few minutes to several days. The intensity of the headache can vary from mild to severe and can be associated with nausea and vomiting. Autonomic symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial flushing, tearing and redness of the eye on the affected side may also occur. Hemicrania is usually diagnosed based on the patient’s history and physical examination. Imaging studies such as CT scan and MRI may be used to rule out other causes of headaches. Treatment of medical Hemicrania typically involves the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, such as ibuprofen and naproxen, as well as certain anticonvulsants and tricyclic antidepressants. In some cases, the use of corticosteroids may be required. Other treatments may include the use of acupuncture, biofeedback, relaxation techniques and cognitive behavioral therapy.