Cholelithiasis

Cholelithiasis, commonly known as gallstones, is a medical condition that occurs when tiny crystals form in the gallbladder and form small stones. These stones can range in size from tiny granules to large pebbles. Gallstones typically cause abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. In some cases, they can block the bile ducts and cause jaundice and lead to serious health complications. Gallstones are most commonly caused by an imbalance of certain substances in the bile, such as cholesterol, calcium, and bilirubin. When this happens, the bile becomes thick and can form crystals or stones. These stones can then become lodged in the gallbladder or bile ducts, causing pain and other symptoms. Treatment for gallstones typically involves surgical removal of the gallbladder, or a procedure called lithotripsy to break the stones up and make them easier to pass.