Celiac

Celiac Disease is an autoimmune disorder which affects the small intestine. It is caused by an abnormal reaction to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, rye, and other grains. Symptoms of Celiac Disease can vary, but the most common include abdominal pain and bloating, diarrhea, constipation, weight loss, fatigue, anemia, and skin rashes. When a person with Celiac Disease consumes gluten, the immune system responds by attacking the small intestine. This causes damage to the villi, which are small projections on the lining of the small intestine that help absorb nutrients from food. Without these villi, the intestines are unable to absorb vital nutrients from food, leading to malnutrition and a wide variety of symptoms. In severe cases, the damage to the villi can also lead to a condition known as malabsorption, where the intestines are unable to absorb the fat, carbohydrates, and proteins from food. The only treatment for Celiac Disease is a strict lifelong gluten-free diet, which means avoiding any foods that contain wheat, barley, rye, and other grains. Following this diet can help reduce symptoms and prevent further damage to the small intestine. People with Celiac Disease also need to be aware of hidden sources of gluten in foods, such as modified food starch and malt, as well as other products, such as vitamins and medications.