Cancer colon

Cancer of the colon, also known as colorectal cancer, is a form of cancer that affects the large intestine, the rectum and the appendix. It is the third most common type of cancer in both men and women in the United States. It occurs when abnormal cells in the colon or rectum grow out of control and form a mass or tumor. The exact cause of colorectal cancer is not known, but certain risk factors have been identified. These include a family history of the disease, older age, a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, smoking, a diet high in red or processed meat, and a diet low in fiber and fruits and vegetables. The symptoms of colorectal cancer can vary depending on the location of the cancer, but may include changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhea, blood in the stool, abdominal pain or cramps, and unexplained weight loss. Diagnosis of colorectal cancer is typically done through a physical exam, a digital rectal exam, a fecal occult blood test, imaging tests such as a CT scan or an MRI, and a colonoscopy. Treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these treatments.