Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a condition in which the arteries become narrow and hard due to a buildup of plaque. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. Over time, this buildup of plaque can cause the arteries to become stiff and narrow, reducing the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the organs and other parts of the body. This can lead to a variety of health problems, including heart attack, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases. The most common symptom of atherosclerosis is chest pain, which is caused by reduced blood flow to the heart. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, fatigue, and leg pain when walking. Risk factors for atherosclerosis include smoking, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, and a family history of the disease. Treatment for atherosclerosis can include lifestyle changes, medication, and surgery.