Functional Category
Penetration agent; solvent.
Applications in Pharmaceutical Formulation
Glycofurol is used as a solvent in parenteral products for intravenous or intramuscular injection in concentrations up to 50% v/v.(1–5) It has also been investigated, mainly in animal studies, for use as a penetration enhancer and solvent in topical(6) and intranasal formulations.(7–11) Glycofurol has also been used at 20% v/v concentration in a rectal formulation.(12)
Description
Glycofurol is a clear, colorless, almost odorless liquid, with a bitter taste; it produces a warm sensation on the tongue.
Stability and Storage Conditions
Stable if stored under nitrogen in a well-closed container protected from light, in a cool, dry place.
Incompatibilities
Incompatible with oxidizing agents
Safety
Glycofurol is mainly used as a solvent in parenteral pharmaceutical formulations and is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material at the levels used as a pharmaceutical excipient. Glycofurol can be irritant when used undiluted; its tolerability is approximately the same as propylene glycol.(1,2) Glycofurol may have an effect on liver function and may have a low potential for interaction with hepatoxins or those materials undergong extensive hepatic metabolism.(4) LD50 (mouse, IV): 3.5 mL/kg(1,2)