Defibrotide is a medication used to treat a life-threatening complication of stem cell transplants called veno-occlusive disease (VOD) or sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS). It is a complex mixture of single-stranded and double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) derived from porcine intestinal mucosa. Defibrotide works by decreasing the formation of blood clots and increasing the formation of fibrinolytic enzymes, which help to break down the existing clots. It also helps to reduce inflammation and improve blood flow in the affected areas. Defibrotide is usually administered through an intravenous (IV) drip and may be used in combination with other medications to treat VOD/SOS.
Defibrotide is a medication used for a specific and serious condition. Here's a breakdown of its key points:
Main Purpose:
- Treats hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD), also known as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS).
- VOD is a blockage of blood vessels inside the liver that can occur after a hematopoietic stem-cell transplant (HSCT).
- HSCT is a procedure where stem cells are used to replace damaged or diseased bone marrow.
How it Works:
- The exact mechanism of action for Defibrotide in VOD is still under investigation.
- However, it's believed to work in several ways, including:
- Increasing the breakdown of blood clots in the liver
- Reducing inflammation in the liver
- Protecting the lining of the liver blood vessels
Who Can Take It:
- Defibrotide is typically used for adults and children with VOD who have:
- Kidney problems
- Lung problems
Dosage and Administration:
- Defibrotide is not available in pill form.
- It's administered intravenously (into a vein) by a doctor or nurse in a medical facility.
- The medication is usually injected once every 6 hours for 21 days, but can be given for up to 60 days depending on individual response and side effects.
Important Considerations:
- Defibrotide is a prescription medication with potential side effects, including:
- Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
- Increased risk of bleeding
- Allergic reactions
- Headache, confusion, and vision problems
- It's crucial to inform your doctor about any allergies or pre-existing medical conditions before taking Defibrotide.
- Close monitoring by a doctor is necessary during treatment.
Additional Resources:
- MedlinePlus: [Defibrotide injection medlineplus ON MedlinePlus (.gov) medlineplus.gov]
- Drugs.com: [defibrotide uses ON Drugs.com]