Triammonium citrate

International Numbering System (INS) for Food Additives: 380

Food additives Europe numbers: E380 

Triammonium citrate is a food additive with multiple functionalities, finding application in various processed foods and beverages. Here's a breakdown of its key characteristics and uses:

Functions:

• Acidity Regulator: Triammonium citrate can act as an acidity regulator, helping to control or adjust the pH of food [1]. This can be important for maintaining flavor, texture, and shelf life. For instance, it might be used to create a slightly acidic environment that inhibits bacterial growth.
• Buffer: It also functions as a buffer, which means it helps resist changes in pH when acids or bases are added to the food [2]. This can be useful in maintaining a consistent flavor profile and texture throughout storage.
• Emulsifier: In some cases, triammonium citrate can also act as a weak emulsifier, aiding in the suspension of oil and water together to create a smooth and uniform texture [3]. This might be beneficial in products like salad dressings or certain beverages.

Applications:

Due to its versatility, triammonium citrate finds use in a variety of processed foods and beverages:

• Beverages: May be used in some carbonated drinks, flavored waters, and other beverages to regulate acidity and enhance flavor [4].
• Baked Goods: Sometimes used in commercially produced breads, pastries, and cakes to control acidity and improve dough handling [5].
• Cheese Spreads: Can be used in processed cheese spreads to regulate acidity and achieve a desired creamy texture [6].
• Confectionery: May be present in certain candies or icings to adjust acidity and contribute to a smooth texture [7].

Safety:

• Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS): Regulatory bodies like the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) consider triammonium citrate safe for its intended uses when consumed within set limits [8].

Natural Source:

• Modified Citric Acid: Triammonium citrate is not directly derived from a natural source. It's manufactured by chemically reacting citric acid (found in citrus fruits) with ammonia [9].

Considerations:

• Dietary Needs: For people with specific dietary needs, like those following a very low-protein or restricted ammonia intake regimen, understanding the source (ammonia) might be important when making informed choices [10].