Theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and other lung diseases. It helps to relax the muscles in the airways to make breathing easier. Theophylline can also be used to prevent breathing problems caused by exercise. It is usually taken in pill form, but can also be administered intravenously. Common side effects include headaches, stomach pain, nausea, and irritability.
Theophylline is a medication used to manage respiratory problems like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1, 2]. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways of your lungs, making it easier to breathe [2]. Here's a more detailed breakdown of theophylline:
Function:
- Bronchodilator: Theophylline relaxes the smooth muscles surrounding the airways in your lungs, allowing them to open wider and improve airflow [2, 3].
- Anti-inflammatory effects: It may help reduce inflammation in the airways, although this effect is less prominent than bronchodilation [3].
Conditions treated:
- Asthma (primarily as a second-line medication) [4]
- COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) [4]
Availability:
- Comes in various forms like tablets (extended-release and regular), capsules, and liquid solution [2].
- Dosing schedule typically ranges from every 6 to 24 hours, depending on the specific formulation [2].
Important points to consider:
- Theophylline has a narrow therapeutic window, meaning a small range between effective dose and toxic dose [1, 5]. Close monitoring by your doctor is crucial while taking it.
- It interacts with several other medications, including caffeine and some antibiotics. Inform your doctor about all medications you take before starting theophylline [5].
- Side effects can occur, including nausea, vomiting, headaches, and restlessness. In severe cases, tremors and seizures are possible [5].