Sarilumab is a type of medication used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. It is a monoclonal antibody that works by blocking a certain protein called interleukin-6 (IL-6). Sarilumab can be used alone or in combination with other DMARDs (disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs) to reduce the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and help to improve physical function. It is administered via injection under the skin (subcutaneous injection) every 2 weeks.
Sarilumab, also known by the brand name Kevzara, is a medication used to treat moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). Here's a breakdown of its key aspects:
Function:
- Sarilumab belongs to a class of drugs called interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor inhibitors.
- IL-6 is a protein (cytokine) involved in the inflammatory response. In RA and PMR, the immune system overproduces IL-6, contributing to inflammation in the joints and muscles.
- Sarilumab works by blocking the IL-6 receptor, preventing IL-6 from signaling the immune system to cause inflammation.
Uses:
- Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): Sarilumab is used for adults with moderate to severe RA who haven't responded adequately to other medications called disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).
- Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR): Sarilumab is used for adults with PMR who haven't responded well to corticosteroids, medications that suppress the immune system.
Dosage and Administration:
- Sarilumab is administered as a subcutaneous injection (under the skin) typically every two or four weeks by a healthcare professional or self-administered after proper training.
- The dosage depends on the specific condition being treated and the patient's response.
Important Considerations:
- Sarilumab suppresses the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. It's vital to inform your doctor about any current or recent infections before starting treatment.
- Sarilumab can also elevate liver enzymes. Regular blood tests are needed to monitor liver function.
- It may take two to twelve weeks to experience improvement in symptoms.
Potential Side Effects:
- Common side effects include upper respiratory infections, headache, injection site reactions (pain, redness, swelling), and high blood pressure.
- Serious side effects include serious infections, allergic reactions, and increased risk of certain cancers.
Alternatives:
- There are other medications available for treating RA and PMR, including other DMARDs, corticosteroids, and biologic therapies. Your doctor will recommend the most suitable option based on your specific condition and medical history.
Remember:
- Sarilumab is a prescription medication, and it's crucial to follow your doctor's instructions for dosage and duration of use.
- Inform your doctor of any side effects you experience while taking Sarilumab.