International Numbering System (INS) for Food Additives: 528
Food additives Europe numbers: E528
Magnesium hydroxide is an inorganic compound used as an antacid, laxative and antiflatulent. It is also used to treat heartburn, indigestion and other gastrointestinal disorders. Magnesium hydroxide is the active ingredient in many over-the-counter medications, including Milk of Magnesia. It is also used in some prescription medications. Magnesium hydroxide works by increasing water in the intestines, which helps to soften stools and stimulate bowel movements. It is often used as a short-term treatment for constipation, but it can also be used to help reduce symptoms of heartburn, indigestion and other gastrointestinal disorders.
Magnesium hydroxide is a versatile substance with uses in both laxatives and antacids. Here's a breakdown of its key aspects:
Function:
- In the digestive system, magnesium hydroxide works in two main ways depending on the dose:
- Laxative: At higher doses, magnesium hydroxide draws water into the intestines. This increased water content softens stool and stimulates bowel movements, relieving constipation.
- Antacid: At lower doses, magnesium hydroxide neutralizes stomach acid. It reacts with stomach acid to form magnesium chloride and water, reducing acidity and relieving heartburn, indigestion, and sour stomach.
Forms and Dosage:
- Magnesium hydroxide comes in various forms like:
- Liquid suspension (often called milk of magnesia)
- Chewable tablets
- Tablets
- The appropriate form and dosage depend on whether you're using it for constipation relief (laxative effect) or heartburn (antacid effect). It's crucial to follow the recommended dosage on the product label or as directed by your doctor.
Benefits:
- Magnesium hydroxide offers quick relief for:
- Occasional constipation
- Heartburn, indigestion, and sour stomach (antacid effect)
Considerations:
- While generally safe for short-term use, magnesium hydroxide can cause side effects like:
- Diarrhea (more common at higher laxative doses)
- Stomach cramps
- Nausea
- Long-term use as a laxative can lead to dependence and electrolyte imbalances.
- It can interact with other medications, so inform your doctor about all medications you take before using magnesium hydroxide.